Cognitive Foundations of Arithmetic: Evolution and Ontogenisis

Numbers and Arithmetic: Neither Hardwired Nor Out There

Rafael Núñez Department of Cognitive Science University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA [email protected] Abstract What is the nature of number systems and arithmetic that we use in science for quantification, analysis, and modeling? I argue that number concepts and arithmetic are neither hardwired in the brain, nor do they exist out there in the universe. Innate subitizing and early c...

The generative basis of natural number concepts.

Number concepts must support arithmetic inference. Using this principle, it can be argued that the integer concept of exactly ONE is a necessary part of the psychological foundations of number, as is the notion of the exact equality - that is, perfect substitutability. The inability to support reasoning involving exact equality is a shortcoming in current theories about the development of numer...

Cognitive Economics: Foundations and Historical Evolution

Veblen’s “Instinct of Workmanship,” its Cognitive Foundations, and Some Implications for Economic Theory

This paper delivers some findings from the present-day cognitive sciences on man’s cognitive dispositions that support aspects of Veblen’s “instinct of workmanship,” which is an essential starting point of his evolutionary theory of institutional change. These cognitive dispositions partly govern which information will be subject to profound contemplation and be easy to disseminate within a pop...

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT)

Mindfulness is a form of meditation rooted in the teachings of Eastern religious and particularly Buddhism. And in simple language it means being aware of your thoughts, behavior, emotions and special form of attention. Therapy based on mindfulness and acceptance as a cognitive-behavioral therapy known as the third wave. This therapy, mindfulness fundamental (basic) as the goal of treatment is ...